Овощи России (Feb 2019)
STUDY OF SAMPLES OF VEGETABLE PEA COLLECTION TO RESISTANCE OF ASCOCHYTA IN THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN WOOD STEPPE OF WESTERN SIBERIA
Abstract
The yield of vegetable peas in the conditions of the Omsk region is largely limited to the defeat of plants by a complex of diseases and damage by phytophages. The aim of the research was to study the collection of pea vegetable samples in Western Siberia and to identify among them the most resistant to Ascochyta. The object of research was 70 samples of vegetable peas from the collections of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Odintsovo, Federal Research Centre All-Russian institute of plant genetic resources on the name of N.I. Vavilov (VIR), St. Petersburg, as well as obtained in the framework of cooperation with foreign breeding institutions. The experiments were conducted in the forest-steppe zone of the Omsk region in 2014-2017. As a result of the experiments, it was established that the defeat of peas by Ascochyta occurs annually, but with different intensity, depending on weather conditions. The maximum resistance of plants was observed in 2016 under conditions of severe drought (5.8 points on average), the minimum – in 2015 with moderately humid and warm weather (3.9 points on average). Late sowing contributes to a greater damage to plants by Ascochyta and reduced productivity. The relationship between resistance to Ascochyta and conditions characterizing heat and moisture supply is strong negative in the initial period of plant growth: with the CGT (r = -0.98 0.13), the amount of precipitation (r = -0.86 0.35), air temperature (r = -0,67 0,24); strong positive in the second half of the growing season: with SCC (r = 0.82 0.33), amount of precipitation (r = 0.68 0.35). Most of the samples during the research retained a high (29%) and medium (48%) resistance to Ascochyta. As a result of the collection's assessment, samples of vegetable peas resistant (7-8 points) to the pathogen were distinguished: B-1295 (к-8907, Bashkiria), Chinese (PRC), Terrace 888 (k-9376, Ukraine). These samples can be recommended as sources of resistance to Ascochyta for the selection of vegetable peas in Western Siberia.
Keywords
