Frequency of Mutation katG S315T Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Multi Drug Resistance Tuberculosis Patients in South Sumatera

Abstract

Purpose: Indonesia is ranked as the fifth highest case of MDR TB in the world. MDR TB occurs due to resistance to Rifampicin and INH drugs caused by mutations in the M.Tb gene. Resistance to the INH drug can be caused by several genes but most often occurs because of the mutation of the katG S315T M.Tb gene. The incidence of this katG gene mutation varies in each region. KatG S315T M.Tb gene mutation can cause a high level of resistance to INH. The aim is to knowing the frequency of katG S315T M.Tb gene mutations among all MDR TB patients in South Sumatra. Methods & Materials: A total of 118 MDR TB patients who underwent treatment at Palembang RSMH from February 2019 to May 2020 were examined by PCR-RFLP microbiology laboratory FK UNSRI to see the 315 codon allele of katG M.Tb gene. Results: The frequency of the katG S315T M.Tb gene mutation among MDR TB patients in South Sumatra was 48.33%. In the katG S315T M.Tb gene mutation group a lower body mass index, a higher number of M.Tb and wider radiological lesions at the time of diagnosis. Conclusion: The majority of isoniazid drug resistance in TB MDR patients is caused by a mutation of the katG S315T M.Tb gene. This mutation will cause a high level of INH resistance. The high INH resistance rate will affect the treatment of MDR TB.