Removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution using triton X-114 surfactant via cloud point extraction

Abstract

In this work, the cloud point extraction (CPE) was carried out for the removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution using triton X-114 surfactant. Density, refractive index and viscosity of pure components and two different phases of the mixture were measured, and the corresponding excess molar volume was calculated. Most of the dye molecules get solubilized in the coacervate phase, leaving a dye free dilute phase. This experiment was conducted for different sets of surfactant and solute concentration in order to find out the cloud point temperature and their influencing factors such as extraction efficiency, phase volume ratio, distribution coefficient and pre-concentration factor. Furthermore, the thermodynamic parameters like change in Gibbs-free energy (ΔG0), the change in enthalpy (ΔH0) and the change in entropy (ΔS0) were analyzed and found that cloud point extraction with surfactant was a more feasible process in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution.

Keywords

• Cloud point extraction
• Triton X-114 surfactant
• Crystal violet dye
• Excess molar volume
• Efficiency