Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis, Hypokalemic Paralysis, Nephrocalcinosis, Primary Hypothyroidism, Growth Retardation, Osteomalacia and Osteoporosis Leading to Pathological Fracture: A Case Report

Abstract

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a constellation of syndromes arising from different derangements of tubular acid transport. Recent advances in the biology of urinary acidification have allowed us to discern various molecular mechanisms responsible for these syndromes. RTA often presents as renal stone disease with nephrocalcinosis, ricket/osteomalacia and growth retardation in children with ultimate short stature in adulthood. The case reported here has features of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA), hypokalemic paralysis, primary hypothyroidism, growth retardation, osteomalacia and osteopenia leading to stress fracture. All these features presenting in a single case (as in our case) is a rare occurrence, so far other cases of distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) have been reported.

Keywords

• Osteoporosis
• metabolic acidosis
• Hypokalemic paralysis