Journal of Experimental Pharmacology (Nov 2023)
Antidiabetic Activities of 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Verbascum Sinaiticum Benth (Scrophulariaceae) Leaves in Mice
Abstract
Beyene Dereje,1 Aschalew Nardos,2 Jemal Abdela,3 Lidet Terefe,2 Melese Arega,4 Terfo Mikre Yilma,5 Tilahun Tesfaye6 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 4Department of Pharmacy, Pawi Health Science College, Pawi, Benishangul, Ethiopia; 5Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, College of Health and Medical Science, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia; 6Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Beyene Dereje, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Because of the scarcity, high cost, and severe side effects of current medications, it is necessary to discover novel, safe, and affordable anti-diabetic drugs. The current study was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic activities of Verbascum sinaiticum Benth leaves in mice.Methods: Leaf coarse powder was extracted with 80% methanol and then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. The glucose-lowering effects of V. sinaiticum at 100, 200, and 400mg/kg were then studied. Glibenclamide was used as a positive control at a dose of 5 mg/kg. For oral glucose tolerance tests and hypoglycemia tests, Tween 2% was used as a negative control, while citrate buffer was used as a negative control for antihyperglycemic investigations. The results from the study were evaluated using one-way ANOVA, and then Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test was performed.Results: Blood glucose levels were significantly reduced by the V. sinaiticum 80% methanol extract at 400 mg/kg (p< 0.05). The blood glucose levels were significantly lowered by the aqueous residue at 400 mg/kg (p< 0.05) and the ethyl acetate fractions at 200 mg/kg (p< 0.01) and 400 mg/kg (p< 0.001); however, none of the fraction extracts resulted in hypoglycemic shock in healthy mice. Higher glucose tolerance was seen in orally glucose-loaded mice after exposure to 80% methanol extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p< 0.05), the aqueous residual fraction at 200 mg/kg (p< 0.01), and the ethyl acetate fraction at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p< 0.05). The ethyl acetate fraction at 200 and 400 mg/kg (p< 0.01), the 80% methanol extract at 400 mg/kg (p< 0.05) and the aqueous residue at 400 mg/kg (p 0.01) significantly lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that the 80% methanol extract and solvent fractions of V. sinaiticum Benth leaves are endowed with antidiabetic activity.Keywords: antidiabetic, crude extract, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, solvent fraction, streptozotocin, Verbascum sinaiticum Benth
