Analysis of the state of mechanized sowing of rice in seedlings

Abstract

This article presents a brief analysis of the state of rice cultivation, the main advantages and disadvantages of seedling rice planting, analyzes the prospects for rice cultivation and mechanization of this process in Uzbekistan. Measures are indicated to fully meet the needs of the population in this product and reduce imports in Uzbekistan by giving special attention to the placement of varieties adapted to soil and climatic conditions with high-quality grain and high yields, the development and implementation of highly efficient resource-saving agricultural technologies in their cultivation. The factors influencing the decline in the efficiency of rice growing for the Central Asian region are analyzed. The purpose of the use of technical means for planting rice in seedlings is substantiated. The technical characteristics are presented a comparative analysis of the technological process, the main design advantages and disadvantages of machines for planting rice is made. Data on the physical and mechanical properties of soils used for rice crops, as well as on the main varieties of rice grown in the region are presented. After analyzing the agro-technical requirements for sowing rice in seedlings, a technical solution that improves the technological process of transplanting machines of the PA-600D-R and RF-455 brands (Korea) is proposed. The results of research on the development of the design of a planting device with optimal parameters and the possibility of using it for planting rice in seedlings for the soil and climatic conditions of Uzbekistan are presented. A mathematical model of the machine is built and its optimal values have been determined. Using special programs such as Compass 3D, 3D Max, MS Word, MS Excel and a number of other programs, 3D and 2D models of parts of the rice planter planting device were prepared. The analysis and results of the studies carried out will allow using the obtained data in improving the design of the planting device. The use of a machine equipped with such devices when sowing rice in seedlings will significantly reduce the consumption of seeds, irrigation water, shorten the growing season, reduce crop weeds and, as a result, increase grain yield.