Grinspan syndrome

Abstract

Grinspans's syndrome is an enigmatic condition, be it a separate entity or a drug-induced reaction occurring due to the medications used to treat hypertension and diabetes mellitus. It is a triad of oral lichen planus, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Oral lichen planus is an autoimmune chronic mucocutaneous non-infectious inflammatory condition involving skin, mucosa or both. Diabetes is associated with a history of hyperglycaemia leading to a rapid destruction of bone and non-mineralised connective tissue leading to periodontitis. Grinspan syndrome with periodontitis has been rarely reported. It remains a rare entity, as little research has been performed in this area. In this article, we present a 68-year-old female patient with swollen gums and severe burning sensation in the oral cavity, including a history of type 2 diabetes 33 mellitus, depression and hypertension. Clinical attachment loss and generalised recession were recorded on examination.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus
• hypertension
• oral lichen planus