A direct method for the N-tetraalkylation of azamacrocycles

Abstract

An efficient protocol for the direct synthesis of N-tetraalkylated derivatives of the azamacrocycles cyclam and cyclen has been developed, using a partially miscible aqueous–organic solvent system with propargyl bromide, benzyl bromide, and related halides. The method works most effectively when the reaction mixture is shaken, not stirred. A crystal structure of the N-tetrapropargyl cyclam derivative 1,4,8,11-tetra(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane diperchlorate is reported.

Keywords

• azamacrocycles
• biphasic system
• cyclam
• cyclen
• N-alkylation