Cell Reports (Sep 2014)

Autophagy Impairment in Muscle Induces Neuromuscular Junction Degeneration and Precocious Aging

  • Silvia Carnio,
  • Francesca LoVerso,
  • Martin Andres Baraibar,
  • Emanuela Longa,
  • Muzamil Majid Khan,
  • Manuela Maffei,
  • Markus Reischl,
  • Monica Canepari,
  • Stefan Loefler,
  • Helmut Kern,
  • Bert Blaauw,
  • Bertrand Friguet,
  • Roberto Bottinelli,
  • Rüdiger Rudolf,
  • Marco Sandri

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2014.07.061
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 5
pp. 1509 – 1521

Abstract

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The cellular basis of age-related tissue deterioration remains largely obscure. The ability to activate compensatory mechanisms in response to environmental stress is an important factor for survival and maintenance of cellular functions. Autophagy is activated both under short and prolonged stress and is required to clear the cell of dysfunctional organelles and altered proteins. We report that specific autophagy inhibition in muscle has a major impact on neuromuscular synaptic function and, consequently, on muscle strength, ultimately affecting the lifespan of animals. Inhibition of autophagy also exacerbates aging phenotypes in muscle, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and profound weakness. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress directly affect acto-myosin interaction and force generation but show a limited effect on stability of neuromuscular synapses. These results demonstrate that age-related deterioration of synaptic structure and function is exacerbated by defective autophagy.