Cardiac computed tomography with late contrast enhancement: A review
Davide Tore,
Riccardo Faletti,
Anna Palmisano,
Sara Salto,
Katia Rocco,
Ambra Santonocito,
Clara Gaetani,
Andrea Biondo,
Elena Bozzo,
Fabio Giorgino,
Ilenia Landolfi,
Francesca Menchini,
Antonio Esposito,
Paolo Fonio,
Marco Gatti
Affiliations
Davide Tore
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Riccardo Faletti
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Anna Palmisano
Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Sara Salto
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Katia Rocco
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Ambra Santonocito
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Clara Gaetani
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Andrea Biondo
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Elena Bozzo
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Fabio Giorgino
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Ilenia Landolfi
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Francesca Menchini
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Antonio Esposito
Clinical and Experimental Radiology Unit, Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Paolo Fonio
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Marco Gatti
Radiology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, AOU Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Corresponding author.
Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) has assumed an increasingly significant role in the evaluation of coronary artery disease (CAD) during the past few decades, whereas cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) remains the gold standard for myocardial tissue characterization. The discovery of late myocardial enhancement following intravenous contrast administration dates back to the 1970s with ex-vivo CT animal investigations; nevertheless, the clinical application of this phenomenon for cardiac tissue characterization became prevalent for CMR imaging far earlier than for CCT imaging.Recently the technical advances in CT scanners have made it possible to take advantage of late contrast enhancement (LCE) for tissue characterization in CCT exams. Moreover, the introduction of extracellular volume calculation (ECV) on cardiac CT images combined with the possibility of evaluating cardiac function in the same exam is making CCT imaging a multiparametric technique more and more similar to CMR.The aim of our review is to provide a comprehensive overview on the role of CCT with LCE in the evaluation of a wide range of cardiac conditions.
