Optimization and Metabolite Profiling of Mycotoxin Enniatin B Biodegradation by <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i>
Yaxin Zhang,
Xu Wang,
Xinyi Liu,
Yiying Li,
Dantong Feng,
Shuo Kang,
Yidan Wang,
Yang Liu,
Xu Su,
Shiyu Wei,
Zhaoyu Li,
Yali Wang,
Yongqiang Tian
Affiliations
Yaxin Zhang
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Xu Wang
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Xinyi Liu
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yiying Li
Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
Dantong Feng
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Shuo Kang
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yidan Wang
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yang Liu
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Xu Su
Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
Shiyu Wei
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Zhaoyu Li
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yali Wang
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Yongqiang Tian
School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
Fusarium avenaceum is the predominant fungal pathogen responsible for root rot in Angelica crops and poses a serious threat to their commercial quality and yield in China. This fungus produces enniatin B (ENN B), a toxin that could be a pathogenicity and virulence factor in plant–pathogen interactions. Yet whether ENN B exacerbates host infection and the onset of root rot in Angelica spp. caused by F. avenaceum is surprisingly understudied. Pathogenicity assays revealed that ENN B co-inoculation with F. avenaceum significantly increased the root rot disease index in Angelica sinensis from 83.33% (pathogen alone) to 92.86% (p Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus tequilensis were capable of degrading 60.69% and 70.02% of ENN B, respectively. Response surface optimization (24.5 °C, 22.01 mg/L ENN B, 0.99% inoculum) enhanced degradation by B. tequilensis to 81.94%, a 11.74% improvement. Three ester compounds were identified by LC-HRMS as potential degradation products of ENN B. In planta trials demonstrated that the disease index was 50.01% for the group co-inoculated with ENN B degradation products and F. avenaceum, a 42.85% reduction compared to the group co-inoculated with ENN B and F. avenaceum. This study provides a new microbial strategy for controlling root rot in Angelica crops from a mycotoxin degradation perspective, which can be applied to promote sustainable agricultural production.
