Chemical mutagenesis of Triticum sinskajae A. Filat. et Kurk. using sodium azide

Abstract

This article explores sodium azide-induced mutagenesis in Triticum sinskajae cultivated in a test plot within the limits and suburbs of Ufa. The seeds of this diploid wheat were soaked in 0.1–0.6 mM sodium azide solutions in phosphate buffer (pH 3), the control group was not treated with any dosage. The mutagenic effect was assessed by the morphometric changes in the obtained plants during their vegetation and fruiting. The genetic polymorphism of the mutant forms was identified using the ISSR analysis. With regard to the rates of seed germination and subsequent plant growth, the effective concentration of sodium azide for treating T. sinskajae was determined – 0.1 mM. The plants developed various morphological alternations in response to sodium azide: longer and shorter stems or spikes at low and high concentrations, respectively. No significant differences were found in the leaf length and 1000-grain weight between the mutant and wild types of plants. It was concluded that ISSR analysis is a promising diagnostic approach to assess the general mutagenic effect of chemical agents on the genome. Following on from the results of the survey, 78 mutant forms of T. sinskajae with short stems over a number of generations were selected.

Keywords

• triticum sinskajae
• mutation
• sodium azide
• issr analysis
• genetic polymorphism
• diploid wheat
• breeding