Significance of adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles to an existing distilled water conveying aluminum oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles: Scrutinization of chemical reactive ternary-hybrid nanofluid due to bioconvection on a convectively heated surface

Abstract

With the emphasis on the properties of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and numerous applications of chemical reactive distilled water due to bioconvection in the industries, nothing is known about the significance of adding titanium dioxide nanoparticles to an existing distilled water conveying aluminum oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles when viscous dissipation, heat source, and higher buoyancy forces and thermal radiation are substantial. The governing partial differential equations that model the motion of both transport phenomena mentioned earlier were transformed into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transmutations and solved with bvp4c (MATLAB built-in function). Multiple linear regression (i.e., a statistical tool used to explain outcomes related to engineering parameters of interest) was adopted for a deep scrutinization and exploration. The outcome of the analysis suggests that the thermal radiation parameter can be used to control the heat transferred via convection in the fluid flow. It is detected that the magnetic field parameter and volume fraction of nanoparticle parameters are useful to reduce the shear stress near the surface. The heat source ameliorates the fluid temperature, and the concentration of the fluid decreases with the rise in the chemical reaction parameter. Worthy to conclude that the Peclet and Schmidt number escalates the density number of motile microorganisms.

Keywords

• ternary-hybrid nanofluid
• higher buoyancy forces
• convectively heated surface
• bioconvection
• aluminum oxide
• zinc oxide
• titanium dioxide