Наукові горизонти (May 2020)
THE ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTIVITY OF THE FIRST–BORN COWS OF HOLSTEIN BREED ACCORDING TO THE AGE OF THEIR FERTILE INSEMINATION AND LIVE WEIGHT
Abstract
The Holstein cow breed is one of the best breeds for dairy farming. However, the effective use of this breed has not been studied, especially the economically useful features of cows. The purpose of the study was to investigate the parameters of dairy productivity of the first-born cows at different ages of fertile insemination and live weight. The article examines the parameters of dairy productivity and reproductive capacity of the first–born cows of Holstein breed. The research found that first–born cows are generally characterized by high milk productivity and specific (typical) Holstein breed ability. The analysis of dairy productivity of the first–born cows according to the age of their fertile insemination showed that for the parameters of dairy productivity and reproductive capacity of three groups (early age: up to 15 months, optimal age: 15– 19 months, late age: older than 19 months) preferred are animals with optimal fertility age of 15–19 months. For 10 traits of 19, the difference between their maximum and minimum values is significant (P<0.05–0.001). The study conducted the analysis of economically useful traits of the first–born cows of three mass categories (insufficient: up to 375 kg, average: 375–450 kg, high: more than 450 kg) in fertile insemination. When comparing the parameters of the three groups, a great advantage of animals weighing more than 450 kg in fertile insemination was significant, they were dominated by peers in case of milk yield, milk fat and protein content, relative milk yield, lactation value, and the rate of lactation constancy at a highly significant difference (td =2.67–14.77, Р <0.05–0.001), but were slightly inferior in reproduction ability. Further studies will focus on the study of the morphological properties of udders and the duration of economic use of modern dairy cows.
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