International Journal of Public Health (Aug 2023)

Asthma, Airflow Obstruction, and Eosinophilic Airway Inflammation Prevalence in Western Kenya: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

  • Neelima Navuluri,
  • Neelima Navuluri,
  • David Lagat,
  • Joseph R. Egger,
  • Elcy Birgen,
  • Lameck Diero,
  • David M. Murdoch,
  • Nathan Thielman,
  • Nathan Thielman,
  • Peter S. Kussin,
  • Peter S. Kussin,
  • Loretta G. Que,
  • Devon Paul,
  • Devon Paul

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2023.1606030
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 68

Abstract

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Objectives: Determine the prevalence of airway disease (e.g., asthma, airflow obstruction, and eosinophilic airway inflammation) in Kenya, as well as related correlates of airway disease and health-related quality of life.Methods: A three-stage, cluster-randomized cross-sectional study in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya was conducted. Individuals 12 years and older completed questionnaires (including St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire for COPD, SGRQ-C), spirometry, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) testing. Prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Multivariable models were used to assess correlates of airflow obstruction and high FeNO.Results: Three hundred ninety-two participants completed questionnaires, 369 completed FeNO testing, and 305 completed spirometry. Mean age was 37.5 years; 64% were women. The prevalence of asthma, airflow obstruction on spirometry, and eosinophilic airway inflammation was 21.7%, 12.3% and 15.7% respectively in the population. Women had significantly higher SGRQ-C scores compared to men (15.0 vs. 7.7). Wheezing or whistling in the last year and SGRQ-C scores were strongly associated with FeNO levels >50 ppb after adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and tobacco use.Conclusion: Airway disease is a significant health problem in Kenya affecting a young population who lack a significant tobacco use history.

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