Large vessel vasculitis evaluation by CTA: impact of deep-learning reconstruction and “dark blood” technique

Abstract

Abstract Objectives To assess the performance of the “dark blood” (DB) technique, deep-learning reconstruction (DLR), and their combination on aortic images for large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) patients. Materials and methods Fifty patients diagnosed with LVV scheduled for aortic computed tomography angiography (CTA) were prospectively recruited in a single center. Arterial and delayed-phase images of the aorta were reconstructed using the hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and DLR algorithms. HIR or DLR DB image sets were generated using corresponding arterial and delayed-phase image sets based on a “contrast-enhancement-boost” technique. Quantitative parameters of aortic wall image quality were evaluated. Results Compared to the arterial phase image sets, decreased image noise and increased signal-noise-ratio (SNR) and CNRouter (all p 0.99) and increased SNR (p < 0.001), CNRouter (p = 0.006), and CNRinner (p < 0.001). For overall image quality, the scores of DB image sets were significantly higher than those of delayed-phase image sets (all p < 0.001). Image sets obtained using the DLR algorithm received significantly better qualitative scores (all p < 0.05) in all three phases. The image quality improvement caused by the DLR algorithm was most prominent for the DB phase image sets. Conclusion DB CTA improves image quality and provides better visualization of the aorta for the LVV aorta vessel wall. The DB technique reconstructed by the DLR algorithm achieved the best overall performance compared with the other image sequences. Critical relevance statement Deep-learning-based “dark blood” images improve vessel wall image wall quality and boundary visualization. Key Points Dark blood CTA improves image quality and provides better aortic wall visualization. Deep-learning CTA presented higher quality and subjective scores compared to HIR. Combination of dark blood and deep-learning reconstruction obtained the best overall performance. Graphical Abstract

Keywords

• Computed tomography angiography
• Deep learning
• Dark blood
• Large-vessel vasculitis
• Image reconstruction