Cell Reports (Apr 2018)

MIRO-1 Determines Mitochondrial Shape Transition upon GPCR Activation and Ca2+ Stress

  • Neeharika Nemani,
  • Edmund Carvalho,
  • Dhanendra Tomar,
  • Zhiwei Dong,
  • Andrea Ketschek,
  • Sarah L. Breves,
  • Fabián Jaña,
  • Alison M. Worth,
  • Julie Heffler,
  • Palaniappan Palaniappan,
  • Aparna Tripathi,
  • Ramasamy Subbiah,
  • Massimo F. Riitano,
  • Ajay Seelam,
  • Thomas Manfred,
  • Kie Itoh,
  • Shuxia Meng,
  • Hiromi Sesaki,
  • William J. Craigen,
  • Sudarsan Rajan,
  • Santhanam Shanmughapriya,
  • Jeffrey Caplan,
  • Benjamin L. Prosser,
  • Donald L. Gill,
  • Peter B. Stathopulos,
  • Gianluca Gallo,
  • David C. Chan,
  • Prashant Mishra,
  • Muniswamy Madesh

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 23, no. 4
pp. 1005 – 1019

Abstract

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Summary: Mitochondria shape cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]c) transients and utilize the mitochondrial Ca2+ ([Ca2+]m) in exchange for bioenergetics output. Conversely, dysregulated [Ca2+]c causes [Ca2+]m overload and induces permeability transition pore and cell death. Ablation of MCU-mediated Ca2+ uptake exhibited elevated [Ca2+]c and failed to prevent stress-induced cell death. The mechanisms for these effects remain elusive. Here, we report that mitochondria undergo a cytosolic Ca2+-induced shape change that is distinct from mitochondrial fission and swelling. [Ca2+]c elevation, but not MCU-mediated Ca2+ uptake, appears to be essential for the process we term mitochondrial shape transition (MiST). MiST is mediated by the mitochondrial protein Miro1 through its EF-hand domain 1 in multiple cell types. Moreover, Ca2+-dependent disruption of Miro1/KIF5B/tubulin complex is determined by Miro1 EF1 domain. Functionally, Miro1-dependent MiST is essential for autophagy/mitophagy that is attenuated in Miro1 EF1 mutants. Thus, Miro1 is a cytosolic Ca2+ sensor that decodes metazoan Ca2+ signals as MiST. : Metazoan Ca2+ signal determines mitochondrial shape transition (MiST) and cellular quality control. Nemani et al. find that mitochondria undergo shape changes upon Ca2+ stress. MiST is distinct from matrix Ca2+-induced swelling and mitochondrial dynamics. The conserved Ca2+ sensor Miro1 enables MiST and promotes autophagy/mitophagy. Keywords: mitochondrial shape, MiST, calcium, Miro, EF hand, PTP, MCU, mitophagy, autophagy, mitochondrial dynamics