RELACIÓN DE VARIABLES PREOPERATORIAS EN PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A CIRUGÍA DE REEMPLAZO VALVULAR AÓRTICO Y SU EVOLUCIÓN POSQUIRÚRGICA PRECOZ / Relation of preoperative variables in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement surgery and its early postoperative evolution

Abstract

Introduction and Objectives: Vulvulopathy is one of the most important causes of morbidity and cardiac mortality in the world. The objective was to determine risk factors predictive of mortality and severe complications in patients with aortic valve replacement, and analyze the behavior of two models of preoperative risk stratification in cardiac surgery. Methods: A non-experimental investigation of prospective follow-up was performed with 113 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement at the Department of Cardiac Surgery of "Ernesto Che Guevara" Cardiology Hospital of Villa Clara, in the years 2007-2009. To determine the predictors, two bivariate studies were carried out in which the dependents were mortality and the presence of serious complications. For analysis and validation of scales applied to operated patients the diagnostic yield curves were used. Results: Patients had a mean age of 55.7 years and were predominantly male. Hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease were the risk factors most frequently found. All patients were electively operated on , with functional class II and III, and there was a prevalence of stenotic valvular disease. The variables that significantly affected the risk of death and serious complications were age, ejection fraction, associated ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, preoperative renal failure and a history of stroke. Conclusions: Both used risk scores have good discriminating power for predicting mortality and severe complications.

Keywords

• Surgery
• aortic valve stenosis
• aortic valve insufficiency