VertigO ()
Analyse socio-scientifique de la qualité agro-environnementale et sanitaire des sols urbains pour promouvoir la transition agro-écologique
Abstract
The (peri)urban market gardening areas are developing globally to meet the objectives of the food security of cities. In Toulouse (France), a booming metropolis, the market gardening plain at Blagnac (31) called "15 Sols" is the subject of an interdisciplinary and multi-stakeholder research project to investigate the following socio-scientific question : "What is the efficient way to take into account the soil quality in a context of agroecological transition with the farmers ? ". Typologies of cultivated plots are defined on the basis of their history, farmer surveys, observations and field measurements, and laboratory analyses of soil bio-physico-chemical properties. Are carried out : the interpretation of the state of the environments and a reflection on the metabolism of the zone in connection with the biogeochemical cycles. Nutrients and pollutants are relatively seldom retained by silty-textured carbonate fluviosol, depleted in organic matter and clay : they migrate deeply, or are exported by erosion, a phenomenon amplified by a superficial crust. Cultivated soils have low levels of (eco)toxic metals, unlike park soils (old dump). This study creates the opportunity to discuss with farmers the agri-environmental and sanitary management of soils and food production in this hybrid zone that participates in the ecological transition. A participatory science project with stakeholders in the area aims to improve the organic status to promote soil fertility and reduce health risks by limiting the transfer of pollutants with erosion.
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