我国不同产地核桃油与铁核桃油营养成分的分析比较 Analysis and comparison of nutritional components of Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil from different producing areas in China

Abstract

为揭示不同品种核桃油营养成分的差异，以我国9个产地核桃样品和7个产地铁核桃样品为原料制备油脂，测定核桃油和铁核桃油的质量指标、脂肪酸组成及VE、甾醇、角鲨烯含量;对不同产地核桃油与铁核桃油的营养成分进行分析比较。结果表明：两种核桃油的酸值和过氧化值均符合国家标准要求；两种核桃油的脂肪酸组成均符合核桃油国家标准，以亚油酸、油酸、α-亚麻酸为主，陕西汉中、云南楚雄的核桃油和吉林白山的铁核桃油中α-亚麻酸含量较高，均在11%及以上；核桃油和铁核桃油总VE含量分别为30.81~42.21 mg/100 g和31.00~57.52 mg/100 g，均以γ-生育酚为主，其中云南临沧铁核桃油的γ-生育酚含量最高，为51.60 mg/100 g; 核桃油和铁核桃油总甾醇含量分别为346.91~485.20 mg/kg和403.34~656.15 mg/kg,均以β-谷甾醇为主;核桃油和铁核桃油角鲨烯含量分别为6.7~11.3 mg/kg和6.9~8.3 mg/kg。铁核桃油油酸、总VE、总甾醇含量平均值高于核桃油，但角鲨烯含量平均值低于核桃油。In order to reveal the difference of nutritional components in different varieties of walnut oil, Juglans regia samples from 9 producing areas and Juglans sigillata from 7 producing areas were used as raw materials to prepare oil, and the nutritional components in Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil from different producing areas were analyzed and compared by determining the quality indexes, fatty acid composition, and VE, sterol and squalene contents of Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil. The results showed that the acid value and peroxide value of walnut oil met the requirements of national standard. The fatty acid compositions of Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil met the national standard of walnut oil, mainly linoleic acid, oleic acid and α -linolenic acid. The α-linolenic acid contents of Juglans regia oils from Hanzhong of Shaanxi province, Chuxiong of Yunnan province and Juglans sigillata oil from Baishan of Jilin province were higher than 11%. The total VE contents in Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil were 30.81-4221 mg/100 g and 31.00-57.52 mg/100 g, respectively, and it was mainly γ-tocopherol. The Juglans sigillata oil from Lincang of Yunnan province had the highest γ-tocopherol content (51.60 mg/100 g). The total sterol contents in Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil were 346.91-485.20 mg/kg and 403.34-656.15 mg/kg, respectively, and it was mainly β-sitosterol. The squalene contents of Juglans regia oil and Juglans sigillata oil were 6.7-11.3 mg/kg and 6.9-8.3 mg/kg, respectively. The average contents of oleic acid, total VE and total sterol in Juglans sigillata oil were higher than those in Juglans regia oil, but the average content of squalene was lower than that in Juglans regia oil.

Keywords

• 核桃油；铁核桃油；产地；营养成分
• juglans regia oil; juglans sigillata oil; producing area; nutritional component