Empowering Rural Women in the Cocoa Production Chain in Sardinata, Norte de Santander, Colombia

Abstract

Rural women in the agricultural sector face greater challenges than men in accessing productive resources and equitably participating in agrifood value chains. This article highlights the empowerment experiences of rural women involved in the cocoa production chain in Sardinata, Norte de Santander, Colombia. A qualitative methodology was used, employing an inductive, interpretative approach and a case-study design. Interviews were conducted with 10 female cocoa producers from Sardinata. The coding process, grounded in theoretical material, generated five subcategories with corresponding theoretical codes, leading to the emergence of a new subcategory. The narratives revealed that women continue to face inequality in participation, decision-making and autonomy, which are reinforced by gender roles and stereotypes. Despite their involvement in agricultural production, they are often overburdened with unpaid caregiving duties. Land ownership, control and access to productive resources remain largely male-dominated. In addition, gender-based violence and patriarchal expectations continue to be significant barriers. The study underscores the fact that women’s empowerment and improved access to resources enhance their participation in decision-making, boost productivity and contribute to the economic and social development of their communities.

Keywords

• empowerment
• rural women
• decision-making
• use of income
• community leadership
• use of time