Brief exposure of skin to near-infrared laser augments early vaccine responses
Yokomizo Shinya,
Katagiri Wataru,
Maki Yohei,
Sano Tomoya,
Inoue Kazumasa,
Fukushi Masahiro,
Atochin Dmitriy N.,
Kushibiki Toshihiro,
Kawana Akihiko,
Kimizuka Yoshifumi,
Kashiwagi Satoshi
Affiliations
Yokomizo Shinya
Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown02129, MA, USA
Katagiri Wataru
Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown02129, MA, USA
Maki Yohei
Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama359-8513, Japan
Sano Tomoya
Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama359-8513, Japan
Inoue Kazumasa
Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa116-8551, Tokyo, Japan
Fukushi Masahiro
Department of Radiological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashi-Ogu, Arakawa116-8551, Tokyo, Japan
Atochin Dmitriy N.
Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown02129, MA, USA
Kushibiki Toshihiro
Department of Medical Engineering, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama359-8513, Japan
Kawana Akihiko
Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama359-8513, Japan
Kimizuka Yoshifumi
Division of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama359-8513, Japan
Kashiwagi Satoshi
Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 149 13th Street, Charlestown02129, MA, USA
Rapid establishment of herd immunity with vaccination is effective to combat emerging infectious diseases. Although the incorporation of adjuvant and intradermal (ID) injection could augment early responses to the vaccine, the current chemical or biological adjuvants are inappropriate for this purpose with their side effects and high reactogenicity in the skin. Recently, a near-infrared (NIR) laser has been shown to augment the immune response to ID vaccination and could be alternatively used for mass vaccination programs. Here, we determined the effect of NIR laser as well as licensed chemical adjuvants on the immunogenicity 1, 2, and 4 weeks after ID influenza vaccination in mice. The NIR laser adjuvant augmented early antibody responses, while the widely used alum adjuvant induced significantly delayed responses. In addition, the oil-in-water and alum adjuvants, but not the NIR laser, elicited escalated TH2 responses with allergenic immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses. The effect of the NIR laser was significantly suppressed in the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-like 3 (Batf3) knockout mice, suggesting a critical role of the cluster of differentiation 103+ (CD103)+ dendritic cells. The current preliminary study suggests that NIR laser adjuvant is an alternative strategy to chemical and biological agents to timely combat emerging infectious diseases. Moreover, its immunomodulatory property could be used to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy for allergy and cancer.
