Factors related to mortality of senior citizens due to pneumonia associated to mechanical ventilation

Abstract

Background: at the intensive care unit of the “Dr. Agostinho Neto” Hospital a way to assess the risk of mortality of senior citizens due to pneumonia associated to mechanical ventilation is not available.Objective: to identify the factors related to mortality of elderly patients due to pneumonia associated to mechanical ventilation at the intensive care unit of the aforementioned hospital of Guantánamo from 2015 through 2017. Methods: an analytical, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out. The universe was made up of 185 patients and the sample included 147, distributed in a study group with the discharged deceased patients (49) and a control group with the discharged live patients (98). The following variables were assessed: age, sex, type of patient, stay at the ICU, type of pneumonia, etiology, time of MV, complications and actions taken during MV. Results: the factors that determined the risk of mortality were: multi-organ failure, time of mechanical ventilation longer than 5 days, mixed acidosis, the stay in the unit longer than 5 days and age of 80 years or older. A model to help predict the probability of death of these patients was designed. The feasibility of the model was assessed by applying it to a random sample of 50 patients.Conclusions: the factors related to mortality due to pneumonia associated to mechanical ventilation in the patients included in the study were identified. A predictive model was designed and validated.

Keywords

• intensive care units
• aged
• mortality
• pneumonia, ventilator-associated
• respiration, artificial