Effect of activated carbon made from oil palm empty-fruit bunch and iron oxide powder on the performance of ceramic membrane
Sisnayati,
Muhammad Said,
Subriyer Nasir,
Dwi Putro Priadi,
Muhammad Faizal,
Tine Aprianti
Affiliations
Sisnayati
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Tamansiswa Palembang, Jl. Taman Siswa No.500, Palembang, 30114, Indonesia
Muhammad Said
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia
Subriyer Nasir
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia
Dwi Putro Priadi
Agronomy Department, Universitas Sriwjiaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia
Muhammad Faizal
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia
Tine Aprianti
Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia; Chemical Engineering Department, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; Corresponding author. Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Sriwijaya, Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM.32 OI, Inderalaya, Sumatera Selatan, 30662, Indonesia.
The high cost of commercial membranes has boosted the search for alternative materials to be used as a substitute to facilitate the practical application of this technology. One of the most promising alternatives to commercial membranes is ceramic clay-based materials. Their low cost, natural availability, and long-term functional robustness make these cost-effective materials feasible for scaled-up systems. In this work, ceramic membranes containing different amounts of activated carbon were made from oil palm empty-fruit bunch (AC-OPEFB) (20, 15, and 10 wt%) and iron oxide powder (2.5 wt%). These membranes were utilised to remove contaminants of Fe, Mn, Zn, NH3–N, and PO4. The most favourable rejection percentages for each contaminant in this work are 92.03, 97.08, 99.67, 84.56, and 87.10%. The Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) analysis results show that the membrane surface area has an inverse relationship with AC-OPEFB composition (wt.%) contained in the membrane.
