Inactivated Rabies Virus Vectored MERS-Coronavirus Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity in Mice, Camels, and Alpacas

Hang Chi; Yanqun Wang; Entao Li; Xiwen Wang; Hualei Wang; Hongli Jin; Qiuxue Han; Zhenshan Wang; Xinyue Wang; Airu Zhu; Jing Sun; Zhen Zhuang; Lu Zhang; Jingmeiqi Ye; Haijun Wang; Na Feng; Mingda Hu; Yuwei Gao; Jincun Zhao; Jincun Zhao; Jincun Zhao; Yongkun Zhao; Songtao Yang; Xianzhu Xia

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.823949

Frontiers in Immunology (Jan 2022)

Inactivated Rabies Virus Vectored MERS-Coronavirus Vaccine Induces Protective Immunity in Mice, Camels, and Alpacas

Hang Chi,
Yanqun Wang,
Entao Li,
Xiwen Wang,
Hualei Wang,
Hongli Jin,
Qiuxue Han,
Zhenshan Wang,
Xinyue Wang,
Airu Zhu,
Jing Sun,
Zhen Zhuang,
Lu Zhang,
Jingmeiqi Ye,
Haijun Wang,
Na Feng,
Mingda Hu,
Yuwei Gao,
Jincun Zhao,
Jincun Zhao,
Jincun Zhao,
Yongkun Zhao,
Songtao Yang,
Xianzhu Xia

Affiliations

Hang Chi: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Yanqun Wang: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Entao Li: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Xiwen Wang: Food and Drug Inspection Laboratory, Administration for Drug and Instrument Supervision and Inspection, Beijing, China
Hualei Wang: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Hongli Jin: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
Qiuxue Han: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Zhenshan Wang: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Xinyue Wang: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Airu Zhu: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Jing Sun: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Zhen Zhuang: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Lu Zhang: Health and Quarantine Laboratory, Guangzhou Customs Technology Center, Guangzhou, China
Jingmeiqi Ye: Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
Haijun Wang: Jilin Wild Animal Rescue Breeding Center Committee, Jilin Province Northeast Tiger Garden, Changchun, China
Na Feng: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Mingda Hu: Sate Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing, China
Yuwei Gao: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Jincun Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Jincun Zhao: Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
Jincun Zhao: 0Department of Basic Research, Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
Yongkun Zhao: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Songtao Yang: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
Xianzhu Xia: Changchun Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.823949
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 13

Abstract

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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emergent coronavirus that has caused frequent zoonotic events through camel-to-human spillover. An effective camelid vaccination strategy is probably the best way to reduce human exposure risk. Here, we constructed and evaluated an inactivated rabies virus-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine in mice, camels, and alpacas. Potent antigen-specific antibody and CD8+ T-cell responses were generated in mice; moreover, the vaccination reduced viral replication and accelerated virus clearance in MERS-CoV-infected mice. Besides, protective antibody responses against both MERS-CoV and rabies virus were induced in camels and alpacas. Satisfyingly, the immune sera showed broad cross-neutralizing activity against the three main MERS-CoV clades. For further characterization of the antibody response induced in camelids, MERS-CoV-specific variable domains of heavy-chain-only antibody (VHHs) were isolated from immunized alpacas and showed potent prophylactic and therapeutic efficacies in the Ad5-hDPP4-transduced mouse model. These results highlight the inactivated rabies virus-vectored MERS-CoV vaccine as a promising camelid candidate vaccine.

Published in Frontiers in Immunology

ISSN: 1664-3224 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Immunologic diseases. Allergy
Website: http://journal.frontiersin.org/journal/immunology

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