Journal of Pain Research (Jul 2023)
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Alleviated Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy by Interfering with Astrocytes and TLR4/p38MAPK Pathway in Rats
Abstract
Haibin Shi,1 Minmin Chen,2 Caihong Zheng,2 Bian Yinglin,2 Bin Zhu2 1Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Bin Zhu, Department of Anesthesiology, Hangzhou Women’s Hospital, 369 Kunpeng, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13758136317, Email [email protected]: Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) constitutes a refractory and progressive adverse consequence of paclitaxel treatment, causing pain and sensory anomalies in cancer survivors. Although the gut-brain axis is involved in multiple disorders including cancer, its impact on peripheral pain conditions remains elusive. Thus, we assessed the importance of gut microbiota and related mechanisms in PIPN.Methods: By implementing fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in a rat PIPN model (ie, rats treated with paclitaxel; hereafter as PIPN rats), we explored the effect of gut microbiota on PIPN rats using multiple methods, including different behavioral tests, 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing, and biochemical techniques.Results: Sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed that the abundance of genera Bacteroides and UCG-005 increased, while that of genera Turicibacter, Clostridium sensu stricto 1 and Corynebacterium decreased in the PIPN rats. However, when treated with FMT using fecal from normal rats, the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in PIPN rats were significantly alleviated. In addition, FMT treatment reduced the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phospho-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK), and the astrocytic marker glial fibrillary acidic protein in the colon and spinal dorsal horn. TAK242 (a TLR4 inhibitor) significantly alleviated the behavioral hypersensitivity of PIPN rats and inhibited the TLR4/p38MAPK pathway in astrocytes in these rats.Conclusion: The gut microbiota played a critical role in PIPN. Future therapies treating PIPN should consider microbe-based treatment as an option.Keywords: astrocyte, gut microbiota, paclitaxel, p38, peripheral neuropathy, TLR4
