Complete geometric invariant study of two classes of quadratic systems

Abstract

In this article, using affine invariant conditions, we give a complete study for quadratic systems with center and for quadratic Hamiltonian systems. There are two improvements over the results in [30] that studied centers up to GL-invariant, and over the results in [1] that classified Hamiltonian quadratic systems without invariants. The geometrical affine invariant study presented here is a crucial step toward the goal of the invariant classification of all quadratic systems according to their singularities, finite and infinite.

Keywords

• Quadratic vector fields
• weak singularities
• type of singularity