Microorganisms (Feb 2024)

Microbial Ecology of Granular Biofilm Technologies for Wastewater Treatment: A Review

  • Aurora Rosa-Masegosa,
  • Alejandro Rodriguez-Sanchez,
  • Susanna Gorrasi,
  • Massimiliano Fenice,
  • Alejandro Gonzalez-Martinez,
  • Jesus Gonzalez-Lopez,
  • Barbara Muñoz-Palazon

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030433
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 3
p. 433

Abstract

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Nowadays, the discharge of wastewater is a global concern due to the damage caused to human and environmental health. Wastewater treatment has progressed to provide environmentally and economically sustainable technologies. The biological treatment of wastewater is one of the fundamental bases of this field, and the employment of new technologies based on granular biofilm systems is demonstrating success in tackling the environmental issues derived from the discharge of wastewater. The granular-conforming microorganisms must be evaluated as functional entities because their activities and functions for removing pollutants are interconnected with the surrounding microbiota. The deep knowledge of microbial communities allows for the improvement in system operation, as the proliferation of microorganisms in charge of metabolic roles could be modified by adjustments to operational conditions. This is why engineering must consider the intrinsic microbiological aspects of biological wastewater treatment systems to obtain the most effective performance. This review provides an extensive view of the microbial ecology of biological wastewater treatment technologies based on granular biofilms for mitigating water pollution.

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