Validation of an Electrochemical Sensor to Detect Cortisol Responses to the Trier Social Stress Test

Abstract

Recent advances in sensor technology allow for the detection of salivary cortisol levels in real-time, yet studies are needed to test their reliability in clinically at-risk populations. This study examined whether a new electrochemical sensor reliably detected cortisol patterns, compared to a conventional immunoassay test (i.e., ELISA), among women and men with low and high depressive symptoms who participated in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST; a laboratory-based stressor). Results demonstrated that women and those with high depressive symptoms showed lower cortisol levels throughout the TSST overall compared to men and those with low depressive symptoms. The cortisol sensor was highly reliable when compared to the ELISA immunoassay in detecting cortisol responses to the TSST for both women and men and for participants with low and high depressive symptoms. These results suggest that the sensor is a promising tool for assessing real-time cortisol responses to laboratory stressors in at-risk populations.

Keywords

• Cortisol
• Sensor
• TSST
• Gender
• Depression