Application of the CRISPR/Cas System in Pathogen Detection: A Review
Bowei Yuan,
Congcong Yuan,
Lulu Li,
Miao Long,
Zeliang Chen
Affiliations
Bowei Yuan
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Congcong Yuan
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Lulu Li
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Miao Long
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Zeliang Chen
Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
Early and rapid diagnosis of pathogens is important for the prevention and control of epidemic disease. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique requires expensive instrument control, a special test site, complex solution treatment steps and professional operation, which can limit its application in practice. The pathogen detection method based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR-associated protein (CRISPR/Cas) system is characterized by strong specificity, high sensitivity and convenience for detection, which is more suitable for practical applications. This article first reviews the CRISPR/Cas system, and then introduces the application of the two types of systems represented by Type II (cas9), Type V (cas12a, cas12b, cas14a) and Type VI (cas13a) in pathogen detection. Finally, challenges and prospects are proposed.
