Risk Factors and Consequent Diseases of Atherosclerosis in a Population Treated in a Medical Office

Abstract

Foundation: atherosclerosis is a disease of multifactorial origin with great genetic and family dependence, susceptible to aggravation depending on the lifestyle and the influence of the environment on the person. Objective: to describe the prevalence of risk factors and diseases resulting from atherosclerosis and the relationship between them. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2022 to March 2023 in medical office #5 of the Lawton Teaching Polyclinic. The study population consisted of the 349 families belonging to the office. Variables were analyzed: sociodemographic, individual measurements of the physical and anthropometric examination, lifestyles, risk factors and diseases resulting from atherosclerosis. Descriptive statistics and confidence interval estimation of Odds Ratio were used. Results: the family history of arterial hypertension predominated (64.8 %), the most frequent consequent disease was the family history of cardiovascular diseases (11.7 %). Overweight and obesity has the highest risk associated with altered waist circumference; arterial hypertension with type 2 diabetes mellitus; dyslipidemia with family history of dyslipidemia; and type 2 diabetes mellitus with dyslipidemia and with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered waist circumference has the highest risk associated with peripheral arterial disease; high blood pressure with cardiovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease; and diabetes and dyslipidemia with chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: the diagnosis of high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases predominated. Diabetes, high blood pressure and altered waist circumference had the highest risk associated with most of the health problems studied.

Keywords

• aterosclerosis
• factor de riesgo
• atención primaria de salud
• enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles