Profile and associated factors of Syndrome-X at a tertiary hospital in Western Maharashtra

Abstract

Background: India is in the midst of epidemiological transition with increasing global burden of chronic non-communicable diseases accounting for 60% of the global deaths, 80% of which are in the developing World. Syndrome-X is rising globally, especially Indians being the highly susceptible group. This study aimed to explore the clinico-epidemiological profile of Syndrome-X cases and also to find the association of certain correlates of Syndrome-X. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a nearby registered multispecialty hospital, involving data collection by personal interview technique using predesigned proforma, combined with clinical examination, anthropometry and results of investigations of all patients of Syndrome-X during one calendar year. Result: Out of total 7680 patients, Syndrome-X was observed in 1613 (21%). Male:Female ratio was 2.52:1. Majority cases (72%) were in the age group of 60+ to 80 years and 75% were married. The subjects from urban area were 68.5%, Hindus being 48.6% and 46% belonged to lower socio-economic class. Chest pain was the most common clinical complaint. 893 (55.4%) cases had the positive family history of two/more diseases. 87% had no habit of doing exercise, 52.9% had irregular dietary habits, 58.7% were found to be obese. The association between increasing Waist hip ratio, fasting Blood Glucose, Blood Pressure levels and dyslipidemia was found to be statistically highly significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The overall prevalence of Syndrome-X is still high, with an upward trend in geriatric population. So, appropriate intervention measures are needed for prevention & control of NCDs and their risk factors, which is only possible by a comprehensive approach.

Keywords

• Syndrome-X
• clinical profile
• socio-behavioural correlates
• Maharashtra