Viruses (Sep 2022)

Pathobiology of Cutaneous Manifestations Associated with COVID-19 and Their Management

  • Waniyah Masood,
  • Shahzaib Ahmad,
  • Noor Ayman Khan,
  • Amaima Shakir,
  • Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni,
  • Michael H. Gold,
  • Clay J. Cockerell,
  • Robert A. Schwartz,
  • Mohamad Goldust

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091972
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 9
p. 1972

Abstract

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a rising concern since its declaration as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Recently, its association with multiple underlying organs has been identified that includes cardiac, renal, gastrointestinal, nervous systems, and cutaneous manifestations. Cutaneous COVID-19 findings have been supposedly classified into the following categories: vesicular (varicella-like), papulo-vesiculsar, chilblains-like (“COVID toes”) maculopapular, and urticarial morphologies. In this review, we aim to focus on the proposed pathophysiology behind the various dermatological manifestations associated with COVID-19 and their associated management. We also included prevalence and clinical features of the different COVID-19-related skin lesions in our review. A comprehensive narrative review of the literature was performed in PubMed databases. Data from case reports, observational studies, case series, and reviews till June 2022 were all screened and included in the review.

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