Evaluation of the Chemical Compounds and the Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Echinophora Cinerea Boiss Essential oil

Abstract

Background and Aim: As a plant of the Apiaceae family, Echinophora Cinerea Boiss can grow up to 30 to 100 cm tall. The essential oil of E. cinerea contains phenolic compounds. Phenolic Compounds are one of the best sources of natural antioxidants. The present research aimed to evaluate the chemical compounds, and the antibacterial as well as antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of E. cinerea essential oil. Materials and Methods: The hydrodistillation method and gas chromatography coupling with a mass spectrometer (GC/MS) were used to prepare and identify the chemical compounds of the essential oil. The antioxidant capacity of the essential oils was evaluated by DPPH and was compared with standard antioxidants (BHT). The antibacterial test was carried out by Broth Micro Dilution, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) methods. These oils were evaluated and compared after 24 and 48 h to control the antibiotic. Results: The main constituents of the essential oil were combined with plant α-phellandrene (32.09), limonene (16.28), P-cymene (10.75), α-pinene (9.79), carvacrol (3.79), and β-Myrcene (2.65). IC50 for the essential oil of E. cinerea and BHT was 0.74 and 52.72 μg/ml, respectively. Strong antibacterial impacts of the essential oils belonged to Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 0.16 μg/ml and MBC = 0.63 μg/ml. The results of inhibitory effects on tumor cell lung have shown that via increasing the concentration, the inhibitory effects of cell have increased, so that at the highest concentrations, more than 60% of tumor cells were inhibited and the IC50 was 3589.31 µg /ml. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that Echinophora could have considerable antibacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties. The essential oil of this plant is effective against important human bacterial pathogens. It is also a determinant of nosocomial infection

Keywords

• echinophora cinerea boiss, antioxidant, antibacterial, cytotoxicity