Cardiorenal Crosstalk in Patients with Heart Failure

Abstract

Worsening renal function is associated with poor outcomes in heart failure and often accompanies the initiation and up-titration of guidelines-directed heart failure therapy. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on immediate and long-term effects of pharmacological or device-based treatment in heart failure patients with reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Keywords

• cardiorenal syndrome
• heart failure
• chronic kidney disease
• worsening renal function