Determination of Median Lethal Concentration (LC50) and Nitrite Accumulation in the Blood and Tissue of Blood Cockle (<i>Tegillarca granosa</i>, Linnaeus 1758)
Nurul Hazwani Hashim,
Ferdaus Mohamat-Yusuff,
Amirul Azuan Joni,
Faradiella Mohd Kusin,
Khairul Nizam Mohamed,
Zufarzaana Zulkeflee,
Zulfa Hanan Asha’ari,
Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli
Affiliations
Nurul Hazwani Hashim
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Ferdaus Mohamat-Yusuff
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Amirul Azuan Joni
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Faradiella Mohd Kusin
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Khairul Nizam Mohamed
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Zufarzaana Zulkeflee
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Zulfa Hanan Asha’ari
Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
Syaizwan Zahmir Zulkifli
International Institute of Aquaculture & Aquatic Sciences (I-AQUAS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Jalan Kemang 6, Batu 7, Teluk Kemang, Port Dickson 71050, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
This study aimed to determine the nitrite toxicity of blood cockle Tegillarca granosa, with the objectives being to identify the median lethal concentration (LC50) and the accumulation level of nitrite in Tegillarca granosa, and to determine the relationship of nitrite accumulation with mortality percentage. The levels of LC50 and accumulation of nitrite were determined after 72 h of exposure to different nitrite concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg/L). Nitrite accumulation was analysed using Method 8153 and a DR2800 spectrophotometer (HACH, Loveland, CO, USA). LC50 was identified at 1.53 mg/L, and nitrite accumulated in the ranges of 0.012 to 0.106 mg/L wet weight and 0.002 to 0.089 mg/L wet weight in the blood and soft tissue samples, respectively. Accumulation concentration in both tissue and blood cells increased proportionally with the exposure concentration, and had a strong positive relationship with the percentage of mortality. Our findings suggest that prolonged exposure of nitrite led to accumulation in the blood and tissues and caused cockle mortality.
