<p>Distribusi frekuensi missing teeth pada anak sindroma Down</p><p>Missing teeth frequency distribution of Down syndrome children</p>

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Missing teeth adalah suatu keadaan berupa hilangnya gigi karena adanya kegagalan perkembangan gigi yang dapat menyebabkan berkurangnya fungsi pengunyahan, fonetik, estetika, serta munculnya masalah pada jaringan keras dan lunak di sekitarnya. Gejala missing teeth ditemukan pada anak sindroma Down, yaitu anak yang memiliki kromosom berlebih (trisomi 21), yang mengakibatkan kelainan dan keterlambatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan baik fisik dan mental. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi frekuensi missing teeth pada anak sindroma Down di Yayasan POTADS. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif dengan teknik survei. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah penderita sindroma Down anggota Yayasan Persatuan Orang Tua Anak dengan Down Syndrome (POTADS) dan diperiksa di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut (RSGM) Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik total sampling sebanyak 25 orang. Anak dengan sindroma Down berusia lebih dari 5 tahun didapatkan berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari POTADS. Analisis data dilakukan dengan distribusi frekuensi relatif. Hasil: Sebanyak 48,07% anak sindroma Down yang diperiksa mengalami missing teeth dengan tipe hipodonsia sebesar 88%. Simpulan: Distribusi frekuensi missing teeth terjadi pada hampir setengah populasi anak sindroma Down di Yayasan POTADS. Kata kunci: Missing teeth, hipodonsia, sindroma Down. ABSTRACT Introduction: Missing teeth is a condition of tooth loss due to developmental failure which can reduce the function of mastication, phonetics, aesthetics, and the problems in the surrounding hard and soft tissues. Missing teeth symptoms are found in Down syndrome children, which is children with excessive chromosomes (trisomy 21), resulting in abnormalities and delays in growth and development both physically and mentally. This study was aimed to determine the missing teeth frequency distribution of Down syndrome children at POTADS Foundation. Methods: The research was descriptive with survey technique. Population in this study were Down syndrome patients who were members of the Association of Parents with Down Syndrome Children (POTADS) Foundation and were examined at Universitas Padjadjaran (Unpad) Dental Hospital (RSGM). Sampling technique was a total sampling resulting 25 people. Children with Down syndrome more than 5 years old were based on data obtained from POTADS Foundation. Data analysis was carried out by relative frequency distribution. Results: A total of 48.07% of Down syndrome children examined had missing teeth with the type of hypodontia by 88%. Conclusion: Missing teeth occur in almost half the population of children with Down syndrome at POTADS Foundation. Keywords: Missing teeth, hypodontia, Down Syndrome.