Masker Medika (Nov 2019)
HUBUNGAN PLASENTA PREVIA, PREEKLAMSI, DAN ANEMIA TERHADAP KEJADIAN PERSALINAN PREMATUR DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH LAHAT TAHUN 2017
Abstract
Latar belakang: Persalinan preterem atau partus prematur adalah persalinan yang terjadi pada kehamilan kurang dari 37 minggu (antara 20-37 minggu) atau dengan berat janin kurang dari 2500 gram. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengetahui hubungan preeklamsi, plasenta previa dan anemia secara simultan dan parsial dengan kejadian persalinan prematur di RSUD Lahat tahun 2017. Metode penelitian: kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian adalah survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder, dengan jumlah populasi 1554 orang dan dengan sampel berjumlah 94 orang. Hasil Penelitian: Melalui analisis univariat ibu yang mengalami persalinan prematur sebanyak 29 orang (30,9%), yang mengalami plasenta previa sebanyak 28 orang (29,8%) d, yang mengalami preeklamsi sebanyak 35 orang (37,2%) dan ibu yang mengalami anemia sebanyak 34 orang (36,2%). Sedangkan hasil analisis bivariat ibu yang mengalami plasenta previa dan mengalami persalinan prematur sebanyak 53,6%, ibu yang mengalami preeklamsi dan mengalami persalinan prematur sebanyak 48,6% dan ibu yang mengalami anemia mengalami persalinan prematur sebanyak 47,1%. Dari hasil uji statistic didapatkan hasil bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna plasenta previa dengan persalinan prematur nilai p.value 0,004 ≤ 0,05, ada hubungan preeklamsi terhadap kejadian persalinan premature p value 0,008 ≤ α (0,05) dan ada hubungan anemia terhadap kejadian persalinan premature p value 0,020 ≤ α (0,05). Kesimpulan: ada hubungan plasenta previa, preeklamsia dan anemia dengan kejadian persalinan prematur di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Lahat Tahun 2017. Diharapkan untuk tenaga kesehatan untuk memberikan pelayanan yang menyeluruh sehingga bisa mengurangi kejadian persalinan prematur. Background: Preterm labor or prematur partus means the labor which happens to pregnancy under 37 weeks (between 20-37 weeks) or the baby’s weight is only 2500 grams. This research study aims to find out the correlation between preeclamsi, placenta previa and anemia simultaneously and partially with the incidence of prematur labor at RSUD Lahat in 2017. The Research method: was quantitative study using analytical survey design with case control approach. This study used secondary data taken from 1554 population and 94 samples. This study compared between the case group and control group based on its exposure status, retrospective medical direction. This status changed as the result of disease which got closer to its exposure, and then the data could be obtained. The Result: Based on the data analysis using chi-square statistic test, which was taken from 94 respondents, it was found out that 51 mother (54,3%) who delivered their baby experienced preeclamsi, and there were 69 respondents (73,4%) undergoing prematur labor experienced placenta previa. In addition, there were 70 respondents (74,5%) suffered from anemia. Based on this test, it was found out that there was no significant correlation between preeclamsi and the incidence of premater labor with p value 0.004 ≤ ????????(0.05), but there was a significant correlation between placenta previa and the incidence of prematur labor with p value 0.086 > α (0.05). based on the result of anemia statistic test, it was found out that there was a significant correlation between anemia and the incidence of premarut labor with p value 0.043 ≤ α(0.05)
