Extraction of iron meteorites from the Barringer Meteor Crater based on remote sensing alteration information

Abstract

At present, there are more than 190 craters have been confirmed on the earth, and most of the simple impact craters with a diameter of less than 1 km are formed by iron impactor.There is a large amount of iron meteorite material around the impact crater struck by the iron impactor.The spatial distribution characteristics of iron meteorite are of great significance for studying the impact process and mechanism of the crater.The enrichment of iron can also be used as important information to explore suspected impact craters on the Earth's surface.In order to obtain iron meteorite fragments around the impact crater, field investigations were mainly conducted manually in the early days, but this method was inefficient and required a lot of manpower and material resources.Based on the unique spectral characteristics of the meteorite, the spatial distribution characteristics of the meteorite material around the impact crater can be easily obtained by using the remote sensing alteration information extraction method.This paper selects Barringer Meteor Crater in Arizona, USA as the research object, considering of the spectral characteristics of iron meteorite, and using Band Math-PCA(principal components analysis).The extraction results fit well with the field survey of the distribution of iron meteorites by the predecessors.The iron meteorite aggregation area on the east, southeast and southwest sides of the impact crater was well reflected in the extraction results.The iron meteorite around the impact crater was well extracted, and the iron meteorite gathering areas on the east, southeast and southwest sides were well reflected on the extraction result map.It shows that it is feasible to use the principal component analysis-band ratio method to extract the iron meteorite information around the Barringer crater.The experimental results accurately obtained the spatial distribution information of iron meteorite around the impact crater.This paper provides a feasible plan for exploring the ring structure of the impact on the earth's surface, and provides an important method reference for the extraction of similar impact craters in the future.

Keywords

• barringer meteor crater
• iron meteorite
• landsat-8
• bandmath-pca
• alteration information extraction