THE JUSTIFICATION OF THE RUSSIA–EURASIA UNITY IN THE SOCIOLOGY OF CLASSICAL EURASIANS

Abstract

Background. The ideological heritage of the classical Eurasians has not lost its relevance, first of all, in the general methodological sense. The founders of Eurasianism were among the first in the history of social thought in Russia to attempt a comprehensive theoretical synthesis, during which they presented the unity of Russia–Eurasia in the spatial-geographical, historical, cultural, religious, linguistic and ethnographic aspects. The purpose of this work is to identify the main approaches to creating an integrated and multifaceted image of Russia on the basis of an analysis of the works of participants in the Eurasian movement. Materials and methods. Research tasks were solved based on the analysis of basic policy documents and works of representatives of the Eurasian movement. A special place in this work is occupied by the works of P. N. Savitsky, G. V. Vernadsky, N. S. Trubetskoy, who made the main contribution to the formation of sociological, economic, historical, ethnographic, culturological Eurasians, linguistic ideas of classical Eurasians. The methodological arsenal includes methods of historical and sociological analysis, which make it possible to study the texts of the founders of Eurasianism and interpret their ideas from the point of view of the goals that they set in their writings and program documents of the movement. Results. The substantiation of the unity of Russia by the theorists of classical Eurasianism is studied. The theoretical and methodological basis of the multilateral view of Russia as a single, special civilization, historically formed on the Eurasian continent, is analyzed; the ambiguous nature of some theoretical positions is noted. Conclusions. The historical and sociological complex approach of the Eurasians to the analysis of the most diverse aspects of the economic, socio-political and spiritual development of Russia–Eurasia was carried out on the basis of the methodology of theoretical synthesis, which became a significant event in the process of formation of Russian studies as a scientific discipline.

Keywords

• classical eurasianism
• russia–eurasia
• theoretical synthesis
• local development
• geographical factor
• geolinguistics
• geosophy
• russian studies