Off-Label Promotion of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Provider Websites

• Anna Wexler,
• Ashwini Nagappan,
• Deena Kopyto,
• Emiliano Santarnecchi,
• Alvaro Pascual-Leone

Affiliations

Anna Wexler

Corresponding author. Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.; Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Ashwini Nagappan

Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Deena Kopyto

Department of Medical Ethics & Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

Emiliano Santarnecchi

Berenson-Allen Center for Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

Alvaro Pascual-Leone

Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Deanna and Sidney Wolk Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA; Guttmann Brain Health Institute, Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació adscrit a la UAB, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain