Exogenous Melatonin Supplement Contributes as Antioxidant to Attenuate the Oxidative Stress Induced by Cadmium Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Background: Melatonin is a peptide neurohormone naturally synthesized in the brain by the pineal gland. The basic function of melatonin is related to the causation and regulation of the sleep–wake cycle (circadian cycle). Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal and its toxic effects induce extensive tissue damage. The present study was undertaken to elucidate the efficiency of exogenous melatonin in attenuating Cd-induced oxidative stress. Methods: The experimental rats were allotted into four groups (n = 20), designated as untreated control, melatonin accessed, Cd exposed, and Cd exposed with access. Results: The hematological and biochemical parameters (serum and tissues) of Cd-exposed rats were significantly altered. Cd-exposed rats that received melatonin demonstrated increased erythrocytic indices; showed significantly increased levels of total proteins, catalase, total thiols, and glutathione; and exhibited decreased levels of blood Cd, urea, creatinine, bilirubin, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide. Conclusions: It was concluded that melatonin has an efficient antioxidant activity in attenuating oxidative stress induced by Cd.

Keywords

• antioxidant
• biochemical profile
• cadmium
• melatonin
• toxicity