Frontiers in Plant Science (Aug 2020)

Expanding the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Universe: An Update on MAP4Ks

  • Lixia Pan,
  • Lixia Pan,
  • Ive De Smet,
  • Ive De Smet

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01220
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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Phosphorylation-mediated signaling cascades control plant growth and development or the response to stress conditions. One of the best studied signaling cascades is the one regulated by MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASEs (MAPKs). However, MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE KINASE KINASE KINASEs (MAP4Ks) are hardly explored. Here, we will give a comprehensive overview of what is known about plant MAP4Ks and highlight some outstanding questions associated with this largely uncharacterized class of kinases in plants.

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