EHD Instabilities in Two Layers of Insulating and Conducting Immiscible Liquids Subjected to Unipolar Charge Injection

Abstract

In this paper, the instability of two layers of insulating and conducting immiscible liquids separated by a deformable interface and subjected to unipolar injection is examined. Taking into account the slight deformation of the interface between the two liquids, a system of equations and boundary conditions is derived at marginal state. Non zero numerical solutions for both layers exist only for eigenvalues of the instability parameter T, which depends on the following parameters: injection level C, Bond number Bo, a new non-dimensional parameter P proportional to interfacial tension and the ratio of the layers’ thickness and of liquids viscosity. The variations in the instability criterion Tc, corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue, are examined in detail as a function of the main characteristic parameters C, P and the Bond number. We find that for some values of P, two instability mechanisms convective and interfacial ones can take place. When the strength of interfacial tension or the liquid thickness ratio is very low, the critical number tends to a value corresponding to interfacial instability. The influence of injection-induced convection in the insulating layer and the effect of interfacial deformation on interfacial instability are also discussed.

Keywords

• electrodynamics
• charge injection
• interfacial instability
• convective instability
• two-layer system
• insulating and conducting immiscible liquids