Survey of Storage Scalability in Blockchain Systems

Abstract

Blockchain is a distributed database based on the Bitcoin platform.It has attracted widespread attention from academia and industry because of its characteristics of decentralization,traceability,and non-tamperability.However,with the rapid growth of the number of nodes and the amount of data,problems such as low throughput and difficult storage scalability appear.The problem of storage scalability of blockchain has become a bottleneck for blockchain applications.Therefore,this paper focuses on the summary and prospect of storage scalability of blockchain.Firstly,this paper introduces the basic knowledge and data structure of blockchain and analyzes the problems of storage scalability of blockchain at present.Secondly,this paper explains the principles,implementation methods,research progress,advantages,and disadvantages of the 0th layer expansion scheme,the on-chain expansion scheme,and the off-chain expansion scheme.Finally,this paper analyzes the challenges in the current blockchain sto-ragescalability scheme and provides a direction for the next blockchain research work.

Keywords

• blockchain|bitcoin|data storage|scalability|storage optimization