The Structural Characterization of a Polysaccharide from the Dried Root of <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> and Its Use as a Vaccine Adjuvant to Induce Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses

Abstract

In order to supplement the research gap concerning Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide extracted from Danshen in NMR analysis, and to clarify its immune enhancement effect as an adjuvant, we isolated and purified SMPD–2, which is composed of nine monosaccharides such as Ara, Gal, and Glc from Danshen. Its weight average molecular weight was 37.30 ± 0.096 KDa. The main chain was mainly composed of →4)-α-D-Galp-(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Glcp-(1→ and a small amount of α-L-Araf-(1→. After the subcutaneous injection of SMPD–2 as an adjuvant to OVA in mice, we found that it enhanced the immune response by activating DCs from lymph nodes, increasing OVA-specific antibody secretion, stimulating spleen lymphocyte activation, and showing good biosafety. In conclusion, SMPD–2 could be a promising candidate for an adjuvant.

Keywords

• <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> polysaccharide
• OVA
• adjuvant
• humoral immune response
• cellular immune response