Protocol for the generation and automated confocal imaging of whole multi-cellular tumor spheroids

Abstract

Summary: Multi-cellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) have found widespread use in pre-clinical research. However, their complex three-dimensional structure makes immunofluorescent staining and imaging challenging. Here, we present a protocol for whole spheroid staining and automated imaging using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. We describe steps for cell culture, seeding of spheroids and transfer of MCTS, and adhesion to Ibidi chamber slides. We then detail fixation, immunofluorescent staining based on optimized reagent concentrations and incubation times, and confocal imaging facilitated by glycerol-based optical clearing. : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.

Keywords

• Cancer
• Microscopy