Cadernos de Saúde Pública (Jan 1998)
Alcohol consumption and gastric cancer in Mexico Consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e câncer gástrico no México
Abstract
This paper presents an assessment of alcohol consumption, including the popular Mexican liquor tequila, in relation to the incidence of gastric cancer. We conducted a population-based case-control study in Mexico City, with 220 gastric cancer cases and 752 population-based controls. A food frequency questionnaire was used to measure consumption of alcohol and other dietary items. Grams of ethanol were estimated by the Food Intake Analysis System 3.0 software. After adjustment for known risk factors, wine consumption was positively associated with the risk of developing gastric cancer (OR = 2.93; CI 95% 1.27-6.75) in the highest category of wine consumption, corresponding to at least 10 glasses of wine per month, with a significant trend (p = 0.005). This association remained among intestinal (OR = 2.16; CI 95% 0.68-6.92, p-value for trend = 0.031) and diffuse (OR = 4.48; CI 95% 1.44-13.94, p-value for trend = 0.018) gastric cancer cases. A borderline significant trend between GC risk and total ethanol intake was observed (p = 0.068). Consumption of beer and distilled alcoholic beverages including brandy, rum, and tequila was not associated with GC risk. The results indicate the need to focus on the study of the potential effects of different types of wine, with emphasis on components other than ethanol regarding the incidence of gastric cancer, even among populations with moderate to low levels of alcohol consumption.Para determinar o papel do consumo de bebidas alcoólicas, incluindo tequila, sobre incidência de câncer gástrico (CG), foi realizado um estudo caso-controle de base populacional na Cidade do México, com 220 casos de CG e 752 controles. Um questionário de freqüência alimentar foi empregado para medir o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e outros itens da dieta. O consumo de etanol (gr) foi estimado usando-se o software Food Intake Analysis System 3.0. Após ajustamento por fatores de risco conhecidos, consumo de vinho esteve associado positivamente com o risco de desenvolver CG no estrato de maior consumo, ao menos dez copos de vinho mensais (OR = 2,93; I.C. 95% 1,27-6,75), p<0,05. Essa associação persistiu tanto para os tumores de tipo intestinal (OR = 2,16; I.C. 95% 0,68-6,92, p de tendência 0,031), quanto para os de tipo difuso (OR = 4,48; I.C. 95% 1,44-13,94, p de tendência 0,018). O consumo de cerveja e bebidas destiladas (conhaque, rum, tequila) não esteve associado com maior risco de CG.
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