ANALYSIS OF THE CLIMATOLOGICAL WATER BALANCE OF THE WATERSHAD ALTO CAMAQUÃ

Abstract

This work was carried out in the sub-basin called Alto Camaquã, belonging to the Pampa Biome in a region considered stable and of high importance for the conservation of biodiversity. The main economic and socio-cultural activity of the region is family farming, which is also fundamental for the maintenance of the biome due to the coexistence of the field / livestock. In order to understand the behavior of the basin in relation to the months of major deficits and water surpluses, two different methods of spatialization of the results were tested. The main difference between the two methods lies in the determination of CAD. The BHC was calculated for three different rain behaviors: Normal Year; Dry Years; and Rainy Year. The methodologies studied demonstrated great efficiency in the calculation of BHC. The differences that occur in the both methods do not modify the general behavior of the basin and, therefore, do not cause significant differences in what concerns deficits and water excess. However, the second method is more efficient for regions with higher variability of the soil use. The results show that family ranchers suffer from many months of water deficit.

Keywords

• déficit hídrico, pecuária familiar, bioma pampa.