Di-san junyi daxue xuebao (Apr 2021)
Correlation of vestibular symptoms and headache in migraine patients: a clinical study of 424 cases
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the correlation between vestibular symptoms and headache in patients with migraine, and to explore the diagnostic value of vestibular symptoms in migraine. Methods Consecutive patients who visited our outpatient department of neurology due to a principal complaint of headache during January to December 2019 were recruited in this study. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), these patients with primary headache were divided into the episodic migraine group, chronic migraine group and tension-type headache group, and those with episodic migraine were assigned into low-, medium-and high-frequency groups. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect their information on the clinical symptoms. The vestibular symptoms were identified according to the standard of vestibular symptoms in vestibular migraine. Results There were 424 patients recruited, including 222 in the episodic migraine group, 174 in the chronic migraine group and 28 in the tension-type headache group. Vestibular symptoms accounted for 25.3% and 3.6% in the migraine group and tension-type headache group, respectively. The frequency of vestibular symptoms was higher in the chronic migraine group (31.0%) than the episodic migraine group (20.7%) (P=0.019). The medium-frequency group (with a headache frequency of 2~8 d per month) had the largest number of patients (125/222), with most typical migraine features and accompanying symptoms. In the time correlation between vestibular symptoms and headache, 68.8% of the patients in the low-frequency group had separate attacks of headache and vestibular symptoms. The simultaneous attack of headache and vestibular symptoms was higher in the high-frequency group and the chronic migraine group than the low-frequency group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Vestibular symptoms occur frequently in patients with chronic migraine, suggesting that vestibular symptoms may be associated with the chronicity of migraine.
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